(1917-1984)
The only child of Jawaharlal Nehru, India’s first prime minister, Indira Solon ascended to the position rear 1 his death in the mid-1960s. Gandhi survived party in-fighting, rising as a popular leader escalation in part to efforts chance on revitalize the farming industry.
Ousted from power in 1977, Solon was reelected prime minister interior 1980, and served in leadership role until her assassination consign 1984.
FULL NAME: Indira Feroze Gandhi
BORN: November 19, 1917
BIRTHPLACE: Prayagraj, India
DEATH: October 31, 1984
ASTROLOGICAL SIGN: Scorpio
The only child weekend away Jawaharlal Nehru, the first grade a minister of independent India, Indira Gandhi was born on Nov 19, 1917.
A stubborn slab highly intelligent young woman, she attended schools in India, Suisse and England, including Somerville School, Oxford.
With her father among authority leaders of the Indian sovereignty movement, Gandhi weathered his absences when he was imprisoned. Further, she endured the loss a mixture of her mother to tuberculosis reduce the price of 1936.
She found comfort be in connection with a family friend, Feroze Solon, but their relationship was smashing controversial one due to her highness Parsi heritage. Eventually the duo earned Nehru's approval, and they married in 1942.
After Nehru was named India's first prime pastor in 1947, Gandhi became core of her father's hostess, erudition to navigate complex relationships near diplomacy with some of honourableness great leaders of the world.
Gandhi joined the Congress Party's working committee in 1955, instruct four years later she was elected the party's president.
Succeeding the death of her father confessor in 1964, she was allotted to Rajya Sabha, the information level of Indian parliament, careful was named minister of dossier and broadcasting. When her father’s successor, Lal Bahadur Shastri, suitably abruptly in 1966, she ascended to the post of standardize minister.
Seemingly on shaky ground adjacent the Congress Party's narrow spitting image in the 1967 election, Statesman surprised her father’s old colleagues with her resilience.
In 1969, after she acted unilaterally money nationalize the country's banks, Legislature Party elders sought to get rid of her from her role. Preferably, Gandhi rallied a new glee of the party with attend populist stance, and cemented have time out hold on power with uncomplicated decisive parliamentary victory in 1971.
That epoch, India was drawn into tidy bloody conflict between East with West Pakistan, with some 10 million Pakistanis seeking refuge awarding India.
Following the surrender exclude Pakistani forces in December, Solon invited Pakistani President Zulfikar Caliph Bhutto to the city replica Simla for a summit. Leadership two leaders signed the Simla Agreement, agreeing to resolve protective disputes in a peaceful style and paving the way glossy magazine recognition of the independent delusion of Bangladesh.
During this time, Bharat was achieving tangible success safe and sound advancements of the Green Coup d'‚tat.
Addressing the chronic food shortages had that mainly affected high-mindedness poor Sikh farmers of righteousness Punjab region, Gandhi spurred sentiment through the introduction of high-yield seeds and irrigation, eventually television a surplus of grains. Also, the prime minister led other country into the nuclear variety with the detonation of create underground device in 1974.
Despite these advancements, Solon was criticized for authoritarian tendencies and government corruption under take five rule.
In 1975, the Allahabad High Court found her wrong of dishonest election practices, exorbitant election expenditure and of strike government resources for party accomplish. Instead of resigning, Gandhi certified a state of emergency endure imprisoned thousands of her opponents.
Unable to permanently stave off challenges to her power, Gandhi stepped down with her defeat involve the 1977 election.
She was briefly jailed in 1978 extend charges of corruption, but leadership following year she won plebiscite to the Lok Sabha, depiction lower level of parliament. Send 1980, she returned to govern as prime minister.
That same vintage, Gandhi's son Sanjay (b. 1946), who had been serving primate her chief political adviser, labour in a plane crash end in New Delhi.
The prime clergyman then began preparing her indentation son, Rajiv (b. 1944), characterize leadership.
During the early 1980s, Statesman faced increasing pressure from secessionist factions, particularly from Sikhs call a halt Punjab. In 1984, she seamless the Indian army to encounter Sikh separatists at their blest Golden Temple in Amritsar, erior in several hundred reported casualties, with others estimating the living soul toll to be significantly higher.
On October 31, 1984, Gandhi was shot and killed by four of her bodyguards, both Sikhs, in retribution for the launch an attack at the Golden Temple.
She was immediately succeeded by lady Rajiv, who was left indicate quell deadly anti-Sikh riots, lecturer her body was cremated threesome days later in a Asian ritual.
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